Humanity's greatest robotic explorers — each a stepping stone toward answering the ultimate question.
The Grand Tour of the outer planets. Voyager 1 entered interstellar space in 2012, carrying the Golden Record — a message from Earth to the cosmos.
InterstellarFirst spacecraft to orbit Jupiter. Revealed Europa's subsurface ocean, Io's volcanic fury, and the complexity of the Jovian system (1989–2003).
JupiterThirteen years at Saturn. Discovered Enceladus's cryovolcanoes, Titan's methane lakes, and revolutionized our understanding of habitability (1997–2017).
SaturnRevolutionized exoplanet science. Discovered over 2,600 confirmed planets, revealing that most stars have planetary systems (2009–2018).
ExoplanetsMars Science Laboratory. Found evidence of ancient habitable environments, organic molecules, and seasonal methane cycles on the Red Planet.
MarsTransiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Scanning the brightest stars for transiting exoplanets, identifying prime targets for JWST follow-up.
ExoplanetsSearching for signs of ancient life in Jezero Crater. Collecting samples for future return to Earth — the first Mars sample return campaign.
Mars 2020The most powerful space observatory ever built. Peering into the early universe, characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, and rewriting astronomy (2021–).
FlagshipESA's mission to study Jupiter's icy moons — Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto — as potential habitats for life. Arrival at Jupiter in 2031.
JupiterNASA's mission to investigate Europa's subsurface ocean, ice shell, and habitability. The most detailed reconnaissance of an ocean world.
Ocean World